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详解托福阅读影响做题效率的3个因素

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详解托福阅读影响做题效率的3个因素 提速先看这里。今天小编给大家带来了详解托福阅读影响做题效率的3个因素。希望能够帮助到大家,下面小编就和大家分享,来欣赏一下吧。15U小梦文库

详解托福阅读影响做题效率的3个因素 提速先看这里15U小梦文库

影响托福阅读做题效率因素:生词问题15U小梦文库

任何一篇内容相对复杂的阅读文章,都不可避免地出现大量生僻词语或者是难度相对较大的单词。从文章的选材而言,范围是十分丰富的,主要来自世界各国主要的英文报刊杂志,内容涉及任何一个国家的文化、经济、自然和科技等。而托福考试所考查的,是实际运用语言的能力,所以在考试中真正需要理解的单词,或是题目中真正考查到的单词,往往是英语阅读中的一些最核心的单词。这些单词虽然数量不多,难度不大,但却是必须掌握的。就考试而言,掌握8000左右的常用词汇,即大学六级大纲中所要求的词汇是必须的。15U小梦文库

影响托福阅读做题效率因素:复杂句式15U小梦文库

有些同学的词汇量已经达到了8000左右,但是依然感觉读不懂文章,这就是因为文章中充斥着大量结构复杂难以把握的复杂句。如:The challenge now is to develop policies and practices basedon a presumption of shared responsibility between men and women, and a presumption thatthere are potential benefits for men and women, as well as for families and the community, ifthere is greater gender equality in the responsibilities and pleasures of family life.这是一个相对复杂的句子,主干是the challenge now is to develop policies and practices,从based on到句子的结尾处是由过去分词短语充当的状语。后一个presumption后面有一个由that引导的从句,充当presumption的同位语。在同位语的后面,有一个if引导的条件状语从句。一般而言,对同学们造成障碍的是并列句或并列复合句,倒装结构,所以在训练时可以精挑一个语段做仔细分析。15U小梦文库

影响托福阅读做题效率因素:题型理解15U小梦文库

这个障碍使原本已经拥有相当英语语言实力的考生,在考试中因为缺乏对题型的理解,或是被众多题型干扰,不能正常发挥。一些必考题型如细节题,主旨题等等,都可以作为练习重点。如主旨题是很多同学感到头痛的题型,普遍感到非常难选。其实不然,只要记住这个原则即可。也就是顺序原则。主旨题的选项排列顺序,必定与文章的行文顺序一致。15U小梦文库

托福考试阅读长难句解析指导15U小梦文库

From an artist’s point of view, Hockney observed that a camera obscura compresses the complicated forms of a three-dimensional scene into two-dimensional shapes that can easily be traced and also increases the contrast between light and dark,leading to the chiaroscuro effect seen in many of these paintings. (TPO44, 48)15U小梦文库

chiaroscuro /kɪ,ɑrə'skʊro/ n. 明暗对照法;对比法15U小梦文库

大家自己先读,不回读,看一遍是否能理解15U小梦文库

(From an artist’s point of view), Hockney observed that a camera obscura compresses the complicated forms of a three-dimensional scene into two-dimensional shapes (that can easily be traced) and also increases the contrast between light and dark, (leading to the chiaroscuro effect) (seen in many of these paintings. )(TPO44, 48)15U小梦文库

托福阅读长难句100句分析:15U小梦文库

这个句子的主干:15U小梦文库

Hockney observed that…15U小梦文库

从句中是一个并列结构:a camera obscura compresses…and also increases…15U小梦文库

修饰一:(From an artist’s point of view) ,介词短语15U小梦文库

中文:从艺术家的观点来看15U小梦文库

修饰二:(that can easily be traced) ,从句15U小梦文库

中文:很容易被追踪15U小梦文库

修饰三:(leading to the chiaroscuro effect) ,非谓语动词15U小梦文库

中文:产生了明暗效果15U小梦文库

修饰四:(seen in many of these paintings.) ,非谓语动词15U小梦文库

中文:在很多这类画中可以被看见15U小梦文库

托福阅读长难句100句参考翻译:15U小梦文库

从艺术家的观点来看,Hockney观察到暗箱可以将复杂的三维场景压制成易于捕捉的二维图像,并增加光与影之间的反差,从而产生了在很多这类画中可以看见的明暗效果。15U小梦文库

这个句子的主要修饰成分就是非谓语动词、介词和从句,大家务必想清楚,每一个修饰成分修饰的是什么,才能看清楚这个句子的结构。15U小梦文库

看明白之后,别只看一遍,给我看几十遍!!没事就拿出来欣赏欣赏,直到你想吐为止。15U小梦文库

托福考试阅读长难句解析指导15U小梦文库

31. Inequalities of gender have also existed in pastoralist societies, but they seem to have been softened by the absence of steep hierarchies of wealth in most communities, and also by the requirement that women acquire most of the skills of men, including, often, their military skills. (TPO 14 Pastoralism in Ancient Inner Eurasia)15U小梦文库

托福阅读长难句句子分析15U小梦文库

本句由but表示转折形成了前后两个分句,but前分句的谓语部分是have also existed,but后分句的谓语动词是seem,而to have been softened是不定式作表语,by the absence of…和by the requirement…是由and并列连接的两个方式状语,表示“这种性别的不平等性似乎已经被两个因素所弱化”。本句最后that引导的是同位语从句,用来补充解释前面的the requirement。15U小梦文库

词汇精记15U小梦文库

inequalities of gender表示“性别的不平等性”,其实就是“性别歧视”。15U小梦文库

pastoralist指的是“牧民”,pastoralism指的是“畜牧”。15U小梦文库

be softened by表示“被……所弱化。”15U小梦文库

steep hierarchies of wealth指的是“严格的财富等级制度”。steep的本意是“陡峭的”,比如:The hill is too steep to ride up on a bicycle. 这山太陡了,骑自行车可上不去。15U小梦文库

托福阅读长难句参考译文15U小梦文库

畜牧社会里同样存在性别歧视,但是这种性别歧视似乎已经被两个因素所弱化,首先是由于大多数群体中缺乏严格的财富等级制度,其次是要求妇女具备男人的大部分技能,通常还包括军事作战技能。15U小梦文库

托福考试阅读长难句解析指导15U小梦文库

Many ecologists now think that the relative long-term stability of climax communities comes not from diversity but from the “patchiness” of the environment; an environment that varies from place to place supports more kinds of organisms than an environment that is uniform. (TPO 3 The Long-Term Stability of Ecosystems)15U小梦文库

托福阅读长难句句子分析:本句由分号连接了两个分句,分号前主句的谓语动词是think,而that则引导了宾语从句,表达了许多生态学家对此的看法。在这个宾语从句中,两个名词diversity和the patchiness由not from…but from...结构连接,是并列关系,此并列结构表示“不是来自于……,而是来自于……”,阅读重点应该是but from后面的内容。分号后主句的谓语动词是supports,还有两个that引导的定语从句,修饰各自前面的environment。15U小梦文库

托福阅读长难句词汇精记15U小梦文库

climax communities表示“顶级群落”,指的是生物群落经过一系列的演替,最终形成的保持相对稳定的群落。15U小梦文库

patchiness表示生物学中的“斑块性”。15U小梦文库

organisms指的是“生物体”。15U小梦文库

vary from place to place表示“因各地不同而产生变化”,是写作可以借鉴的词组,比如:Views on this heated topic vary from place to place in China. 关于这个热点话题,在中国各个地方都持有不同的看法。15U小梦文库

托福阅读长难句参考译文15U小梦文库

现在的很多生态学家们认为:顶级群落相对长期的稳定性并非来自多样性,而是来自环境的“斑块性”;因各地不同而产生变化的环境比统一的环境能支持更多种类的生物体。15U小梦文库

托福考试阅读长难句解析指导15U小梦文库

The Athenian philosopher Socrates (470-399 B.C.) was the first person in Greece to propose a morality based on individual conscience rather than the demands of the state, and for this he was accused of not believing in the city’s gods and so corrupting the youth, and he was condemned to death. (TPO43, 51)15U小梦文库

propose /prə'poz/ v. 提议,建议;打算,计划15U小梦文库

morality /mə'rælɪtɪ/ n. 道德15U小梦文库

conscience /'kɑnʃəns/ n. 良心,是非感15U小梦文库

corrupt /kə'rʌpt/ v. 堕落, 腐化15U小梦文库

condemn /kən'dem/ v. 谴责,责备;判某人刑(尤指死刑)15U小梦文库

大家自己先读,不回读,看一遍是否能理解15U小梦文库

The Athenian philosopher Socrates (470-399 B.C.) was the first person (in Greece) (to propose a morality) (based on individual conscience) (rather than the demands of the state), and (for this)he was accused (of not believing in the city’s gods and so corrupting the youth), and he was condemned to death. (TPO43, 51)15U小梦文库

托福阅读长难句分析:15U小梦文库

修饰一:(in Greece) ,介词短语15U小梦文库

中文:在希腊15U小梦文库

修饰二:(to propose a morality) ,非谓语动词15U小梦文库

中文:提出道德15U小梦文库

修饰三:(based on individual conscience) ,非谓语动词15U小梦文库

中文:基于个人良心15U小梦文库

修饰四:(rather than the demands of thestate),介词短语15U小梦文库

中文:而不是国家的要求15U小梦文库

修饰五:(for this) ,介词短语15U小梦文库

中文:因为这样15U小梦文库

修饰六:(of not believing in the city’s gods and so corrupting the youth) ,介词短语15U小梦文库

中文:不信上帝和腐蚀青年15U小梦文库

托福阅读长难句参考翻译:15U小梦文库

在希腊,雅典哲学家苏格拉底(公元前470-399)是第一个提出道德要基于个人良心而不是国家要求的人,因为这样,他被指控不信上帝和腐蚀青年,并且被判了死刑。15U小梦文库

这个句子的主要修饰成分就是非谓语动词和介词,大家务必想清楚,每一个修饰成分修饰的是什么,才能看清楚这个句子的结构。15U小梦文库


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