Lesson 18 He often does this!他经常干这种事!
First listen and then answer the question.听录音，然后回答以下问题。
What had happened to the writer&39;s bag?
After I had had lunch at a village pub, I looked for my bag. I
我在一家乡村小酒店吃过午饭后，就找我的提包
had left it on a chair beside the door and now it wasn&39;t there!
我曾把它放在门边的椅子上，可这会儿不见了！
As I was looking for it, the landlord came in.
当我正在寻找时，酒店老板走了进来。
&39;Did you have a good meal?" he asked.
“您吃得好吗？”他问。
&39;Yes, thank you,&39; I answered, &39;but I can&39;t pay the bill. I haven&39;t got my bag.&39;
“很好，谢谢。”我回答，“但我付不了帐，我的提包没有了。”
The landlord smiled and immediately went out. In a few minutes he returned with my bag and gave it back to me.
酒店老板笑了笑，马上走了出去。一会儿工夫他拿着我的提包回来了，把它还给了我。
&39;I&39;m very sorry,&39; he said. &39;My dog had taken it into the garden. He often does this!&39;
“实在抱歉，”他说，“我的狗把它弄到花园里去了，他常干这种事！”
New words and Expressions生词和短语
pub
n. 小酒店
landlord
n. 店主
bill
n. 帐单
Notes on the text课文注释
1 pay the bill 付帐。
2 He often does this.他经常千这种事。句中的He是指店主的狗。英语国家人士常用人称代词he或she来指自己喂养的宠物。
Lesson 18 自学导读First things first
课文详注 Further notes on the text1．After I had had lunch at a village pub, I looked for my bag. 我在一家乡村小酒店吃过午饭后，就找我的提包。
（1）have在have lunch这个词组中是完全动词而不是助动词，因此，像其他完全动词一样，它的过去完成时要加助动词had。（cf. 本课语法）
（2）pub为public house（酒店，酒吧）的缩略形式，在英国英语的口语中较常见：
Let&39;s go to the pub for a drink.
咱们去酒店喝杯酒吧。
（3）look for强调“寻找”这个动作，而不涉及结果：
I looked for my key everywhere, but I couldn&39;t find it.
我到处寻找我的钥匙，但还是没找到。
2．I had left it on a chair beside the door…我曾把它放在门边的椅子上……
leave除了“离去”、“离开”、“出发”的意思，还可以表示“把（人、物）留下”、“遗留”、“丢下”等：
The dog has left your bag by a tree.
那狗把你的提包丢在了一棵树旁。
Have you left anything in the car?
你有没有把什么东西丢在车里？
Leave the books on the desk.
把书放在课桌上。
3．My dog had taken it into the garden. He often does this!我的狗把它弄到花园里去了，他常干这种事！
he在这里指代的是狗。动物通常用it来代表，即被看成像东西一样。但是，指宠物、家畜或民间故事中的动物时，我们经常也用he，she，who等，即使得它们“人格化”并具有性别。用阴性代词指某个动物或东西时尤其有一种亲切的含义：
I have a little cat. She drinks milk every morning.
我有一只小猫。她每天早上喝牛奶。
George&39;s parrot, Henry, can speak a few words. He always calls when there are lights.
乔治的鹦鹉亨利能说几个单词。只要有灯光他就叫。
语法 Grammar in use
完全动词have
（1）动词have有两种用法。一是作为助动词构成各种完成时（包括过去、现在、将来）和完成进行时：
I haven&39;t seen him this morning.
我今天上午没见过他。
When I rang, Tim had already left.
我打电话的时候，蒂姆已经走了。
（2）have还可以作完全动词。当它作“具有”、“拥有”讲时，它和have got通常可以互换。在英国英语中，疑问句和否定句中
have（具有）的用法与be相同，即可以不用助动词do（或did）。
I haven&39;t got any pencils.
我没有铅笔。
在美国英语中，常用do，did等与have一起构成疑问句和否定句：
Do you have a pencil?
你有铅笔吗?
I don&39;t have any pencils.
我没有铅笔。
这种形式在英国英语中现在也常见了。
have作“具有”、“拥有”讲时是状态动词，不能用于进行时态或被动语态。它通常用于一般现在时：
You can have these apples if you want them. I&39;ve got a lot more.
如果你想要这些苹果你可以把它们拿走。我还有许多。
He has(got) a Ford.
他有一辆福特牌汽车。
在其他时态中，一般用have而不用 have got：
He had a Ford last year.
去年他有过一辆福特牌汽车。
I have had this car for three years.
这辆汽车我已用了3年了。
Last week, Jimmy had a bad cold.
上星期吉米得了重感冒。
（3）have 作完全动词时，还可以表示eat，drink，enjoy，take等意思，这时它是行为动词，可以用于包括进行时的各种时态：
Have a cigarette, Sam.
萨姆，请抽烟。
We will have dinner at seven o&39;clock.
我们将于7点开饭。
Sam and I had lunch together today.
我和萨姆今天一起吃的午饭。
I&39;m having a drink.
我正在喝点东西。
当have用于表示这些含义时，它必须与do和did等连用以构成疑问句和否定句：
Did you have a nice holiday?
你的假日过得愉快吗?
I didn&39;t have a nice holiday.
我的假日过得不愉快。
have还可以代替receive:
Have you had a letter from Tom yet?
你收到汤姆的来信了吗?
Yes, I had a letter from him yesterday.
是的，我昨天收到他的一封信。
词汇学习 Word study
1．beside与besides
介词beside常用的含义为“在……旁边”、“在……附近”：
Come and sit beside us.
过来坐在我们旁边吧。
There is a chair beside the door.
门旁边有一把椅子。
besides的词形与beside很相似，但意义却相差甚远。besides作副词时表示“而且”、“并且”、“此外”等意思：
She has so much else to do besides.
此外，她还有许多其他事要做。
I&39;m quite busy today. Besides, I&39;ve got a bad cold.
我今天很忙，而且我还感冒得厉害。
besides还可以作介词，表示“除……之外（还）”：
There were a lot of people at the party besides us.
除了我们以外，晚会上还有许多（其他）人。
2．give的几个固定搭配
及物动词give常用的含义是“给予”、“交给”：
Give me some water, please.
请给我一些水。
I lent him some books last month and he has given them back to me this morning.
我上个月曾借给他一些书。他今天上午都还给我了。
可以看出，give与back连用时，它的意义并没有发生太大的变化。但是，当它与其他副词连用时，意义往往会有变化，有时变化非常大：
He gave away all his books to the library.
他把所有的书都赠给了这家图书馆。（give away：赠送）
Give in your examination papers after you&39;ve finished.
考卷做好后就交上来。（give in：上交，呈交）
You can do what you like. I will never give in.
你想干什么就干什么。我决不屈服。（give in：屈服，让步）
He gave up drinking a few years ago.
他几年前戒酒了。（give up：放弃，抛弃）
Jack has given up the watch he stole last week.
杰克把他上星期偷的表交了出来。（give up：交出，让出）
Lesson 18 课后练习和答案Exercises and Answer
